A. In the Holy Things of YHWH---sins and trespasses against God.
B. Here are some Trespasses against God in OT history.
1) Lev. 22:14-15 - eating the holy things of YHWH.
2) Lev. 10:8 - may indicated that Nahab and Abihu drank the wine of the drink offering instead of pouring it out unto God.
3) Joshua 7:1 - Achan took that which belonged to God.
4) II Chronicles 28:22; 29:6 - Even the sin of idolatry is a trespass against God.
5) Mal. 3:8 - robbing God of tithes and offering.
2. Lev. 6: 1-7 - a list of trespasses against YHWH by dealing falsely with his neighbor.
A. In the matter of a deposit - vs. 2
B. In the matter of a bargain - falsely representing something.
C. Or of robbery - whether under legalized forms or not.
1) Removing your neighbors landmark (Deut. 27:17)
2) Unpaid debts would fall under this category.
D. Or have oppressed his neighbor - withholding wages - taking advantage of another's station or extreme need.
E. Lost and found properties - the finder knows it isn't his.
F. Numbers 5:11-15 - adultery violates a man's rights with his wife.
3. The underlying idea of the trespass offering is that fellowship with God is broken - just as in the sin offering.
A. Such fellowship can be restored only by:
1) Sacrificial atonement is a must:
2)
Open confession of the specific sin committed.
3) Full
restitution of the property - to the satisfaction of the
owner!
4) Plus - an addendum fine of 1/5 the value of the property.
B. The Trespass offering is only offered for the individual.
1) It is never offered for the whole congregation.
2) It is never offered on special feast days - as the sin offering was.
3) It was was required of the leper in his cleansing ceremonies - for he was seen as having deprived God of His proper worship and service during his exile from society. Lev. 14:24.
The Central Theme of the Trespass Offering was Restitution and Satisfaction.
1. The Selection of the sacrifice - a ram without blemish of the flock - Lev. 5:15- 18, 6:6.
A. The ram was not the most valuable sacrificial animal - that was the bullock.
B. It had to be appraised as to its value by the priest.
2. There was no variation allowed for the sacrificial animal - it always had to be a ram.
3. The Sacrifice is of the Most Holy type as in Lev. 7:1
A. It was thus classified with the sin offering.
B. It could never be thought of as a sweet savor sacrifice.
4 . To emphasize satisfaction and reparation for all offenses as a prerequisite to forgiveness - the fine of 1/5 the value extorted must be added.
A. First- restitution of the property is required. Numbers 5:6
B.
For reparation, 1/5 the value lost
to the owner is added.
C.
Even if done in ignorance or unwittingly. Lev.5:15
D. And - if it is done wittingly, deliberately planning the wrong - Lev. 6:17.
5. The Trespass offering seems to give the back ground of Lex Talionis (an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth). Matthew 5: 23-25.
6. The value of the property is determined. Deut. 17: 8-13.
A. First by the priest.
B. The to the judge that shall be in those days.
C. Whatever damages they assess must be paid - the penalty for not paying you debt is death.
D. It is as if God Himself has handed down the sentence.
E. See also Deut. 25: 1-3; II Cor. 11:24; Matt. 18: 32-35; Lev. 24:17-23; Deut. 19: 15:21.
The Ritual of the Trespass Offering.
1. Stage one - Restitution and satisfaction.
2. Stage two - Public confession of the wrong done. Numbers 5:7, includes laying the hands on the head.
3. Stage three - slaying the ram by the offender Lev. 7:1.
4. Stage four - The blood is sprinkled on the side of the altar of burnt offering. Lev. 7:2.
5. Stage 5 - All the fat is removed and fumed to God on the altar of burnt offering - Lev. 3:16-17; 4:31.
6. Stage 6. - Disposition of the body of the ram.
A. Lev. 7:7 says the priest's privilege in the trespass offering is the same as the sin offering.
B. The priest that makes atonement therewith, he shall have it.
C. To be eaten in the courtyard.
The
Trespass Offering in the New Testament as it Relates to
Christ.
1. We are all seen as Debtors to God - Matt. 6:10-12.
2. Even if we did all that was commanded of us, we would still be unprofitable servants. Lk. 17:10.
3. See also Matthew 18:23-25; Luke 7:41-42 which sets forth the relation of the sinner to God as that of a debtor.
4. The parable of the talents is an outgrowth of the laws governing the trespass offering. Matt. 25: 14-30.
5. Isa. 53:10 promises that God shall make His soul an offering for sin.
6. Romans 3:21-27- God set forth Christ to be a propitiation for the sins that God had forgiven before time, in view of the cross as well as the sins of the present time.
7. Heb. 2:17; 1st John 2:2; 4:10; Heb. 10:14; 8: 12.
8. Jesus is the perfect TYPE for all the sacrifices of the Levitical system.
1. In the burnt offering he became our righteousness through full self consecration to God.
2. In the peace offering, He not only gives but also maintains life.
3. In the sin offering, He becomes our expiation and atonement.
4. In the meal offering - we become His first fruits to God.
5. In the Trespass offering, He is made our restitution for what we owe God.