I. Peter's Sermon__________by Lane Rogers

A. We must begin this section with a discussion of "the last days, that Joel spoke about."

 16but this is what was spoken of through the prophet Joel:

 17'AND IT SHALL BE IN THE LAST DAYS,' God says,
'THAT I WILL POUR FORTH OF MY SPIRIT ON ALL MANKIND;
AND YOUR SONS AND YOUR DAUGHTERS SHALL PROPHESY,
AND YOUR YOUNG MEN SHALL SEE VISIONS,
AND YOUR OLD MEN SHALL DREAM DREAMS; 
18EVEN ON MY BONDSLAVES, BOTH MEN AND WOMEN,
I WILL IN THOSE DAYS POUR FORTH OF MY SPIRIT
And they shall prophesy. 

1. Context is everything. When Joel wrote (about 900 years prior to this by some dating methods) and used the term "the last days," he was speaking of the last days of Judah and Jerusalem. That is somewhat the meaning here. 
The Last Days is not a reference to the time period we live in but is generally
a reference to God's last days of a "Theocratic reign" over Israel. For example, look at Isaiah 2: 2ff. The church of Christ was established in "the last days." Another example is Hebrews 1:2. Jesus lived and spoke in the "last days." The last days were 2000 years ago when God ended His relationship (as in the OT) with Israel. This particular phrase is known as a "judgment figure." As a rule, when we see this figure of speech, the writer is telling us that judgment is on the way.

2. The "all flesh" is a reference to G0d's Spirit being poured out on both Jew and Gentile.

3. It isn't hard to see the fulfillment of verse 18. Before we leave the book of Acts we find these gifts disbursed (cf. Acts 21:9ff, and  many places  in the book of 1st Corinthians).

B. Further Events Described___Verses 19-21

 19'AND I WILL GRANT WONDERS IN THE SKY ABOVE
         AND SIGNS ON THE EARTH BELOW,
         BLOOD, AND FIRE, AND VAPOR OF SMOKE. 
    20'THE SUN WILL BE TURNED INTO DARKNESS
         AND THE MOON INTO BLOOD,
         BEFORE THE GREAT AND GLORIOUS DAY OF THE LORD SHALL COME. 

    
21'AND IT SHALL BE THAT EVERYONE WHO CALLS ON THE NAME OF THE LORD WILL BE SAVED.'


"One explanation is that the blood and fire, and vapor of smoke were surely found upon this day of the feast. The blood must have flowed from the altars like rivers, as the thousands of animals were sacrificed. The fire and the vapor ascended from those same altars as those sacrifices were burned. As the great billows of smoke filled the air in Jerusalem, the sun was quite literally "turned into darkness, being hidden because of the smoke-encumbered atmosphere. The moon viewed through the smoke appeared the color of blood."

C.  "BEFORE THE GREAT AND GLORIOUS DAY OF THE LORD"

All of the events above were going to happen BEFORE the great and glorious Day of the Lord. As we have already mentioned, the DAY OF THE LORD is generally a judgment figure. The question put before us is what judgment is coming? The answer I think is the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. Verses 20-21 say that everyone will be given an opportunity to be saved (those who call on the name of the Lord) before the Temple is destroyed.


D. YOU HAVE KILLED THE MESSIAH___Verses 22-24

22"Men of Israel, listen to these words: Jesus the Nazarene, a man attested to you by God with miracles and wonders and signs which God performed through Him in your midst, just as you yourselves know-23this Man, delivered over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you nailed to a cross by the hands of godless men and put Him to death.24"But God raised Him up again, putting an end to the agony of death, since it was impossible for Him to be held in its power.

(My Paraphrase)

1. Verse 22__ The indictment is clear. You people of Israel have killed this man, Jesus. A man who God used to perform miracles in your midst.  You know this to be true.

2 Verse 23__You godless people put Jesus to death and God knew what was going to happen based on His foreknowledge.

3. But what you meant for evil, God used for good. Because of your wicked deeds, Jesus and His resurrection has ended death forever. Death had no power over Jesus and it will have no power over His own people.

4. Here are four Facts that Peter stated.

a. Jesus was approved of God by His mighty works wonders and signs.

b. He was crucified by the Jews, using the lawless hands of the Romans.

c. God had predetermined this based on foreknowledge.

d. God raised the Holy One from the dead.

E. The Proof from the Bible for two of the Above Points (verses 25-32).

 25"For David says of Him,
         'I SAW THE LORD ALWAYS IN MY PRESENCE;
         FOR HE IS AT MY RIGHT HAND, SO THAT I WILL NOT BE SHAKEN.
    
26'THEREFORE MY HEART WAS GLAD AND MY TONGUE EXULTED;
         MOREOVER MY FLESH ALSO WILL LIVE IN HOPE;
    
27BECAUSE YOU WILL NOT ABANDON MY SOUL TO HADES,
         NOR ALLOW YOUR HOLY ONE TO UNDERGO DECAY.
    
28'YOU HAVE MADE KNOWN TO ME THE WAYS OF LIFE;
         YOU WILL MAKE ME FULL OF GLADNESS WITH YOUR PRESENCE.'

29"Brethren, I may confidently say to you regarding the patriarch David that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day.

30"And so, because he was a prophet and knew that GOD HAD SWORN TO HIM WITH AN OATH TO SEAT one OF HIS DESCENDANTS ON HIS THRONE,

31he looked ahead and spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that HE WAS NEITHER ABANDONED TO HADES, NOR DID His flesh SUFFER DECAY.32"This Jesus God raised up again, to which we are all witnesses.


F. Maybe the easy way to prove to a Jew that some event was pre-determined by God was to point to the Scripture.

1. The Psalmist is used here. He is called on to "prove" that God was to raise someone from the dead. These words were written 500 t0 700 years before Christ. (V. 25_ Psalm 16:8-11) David is called in as a witness!

2. In verse 26 we have the point. This verse (in Psalms) is written in the 1st person, meaning it can only be a reference to none other than Christ.

3. Verses 27-28__David is saying that because of His knowledge and harmony with the Father, He could look forward and have hope. The Spirit was to leave the Christ but His body did not see corruption. Jesus did not remain the the place of departed spirits.

4. Since the Psalmist used the first person, it becomes necessary to proclaim that He is not talking about David (v. 29). David is still in His tomb.

5. The solution is found in the prophetic office that David held. David knew that God had made a promise to him. That promise was that from David there was to come one who was to occupy David's throne eternally. That throne is in heaven, not on earth.

6. So here is what we have learned.

a. Jesus was to die.

b. Yet His spirit would not remain in hades.

c. Nor would His body decay.

d. Furthermore, Jesus was to be raised and sit on the heavenly throne (David's eternal throne) at the right hand of God.

G. Peter reaches his conclusion! V.33


V. 33 "Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing."

It is here that Peter states that Jesus is now enthroned by God. Proof of that enthronement was the coming of the Holy Spirit. All of this makes prophecy fulfilled.

H. Peter's Final Proof! Verses 34-35

34"For it was not David who ascended into heaven, but he himself says:
         'THE LORD SAID TO MY LORD,
         "SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND, 
    35UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET."'

a. What might be said of Christ can never be said of David. David never made any ascent to heaven.

b. Further, David himself denied any idea that this was about himself when he said it was about David's Lord (Jesus)__v.35

I. The Conclusion of the matter___Verse 36

 36"Therefore let all the house of Israel know for certain that God has made Him both Lord and Christ--this Jesus whom you crucified."

The impact of these words can hardly be realized by modern man. But those who heard it, at least some, had blood on their hands!

IV. The Results of Peter's Sermon

37Now when they heard this, they were pierced to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, "Brethren, what shall we do?" 38Peter said to them, "Repent, and each of you be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins; and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.
39"For the promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off, as many as the Lord our God will call to Himself."
40And with many other words he solemnly testified and kept on exhorting them, saying, "Be saved from this perverse generation!"
 41So then, those who had received his word were baptized; and that day there were added about three thousand souls.


A. The central question asked here is "what must a person do to be saved!

B. The answer, "repent and be immersed by the authority of Jesus and receive the gift of the Holy Spirit."

C. Just a brief word about the word "baptize."

βαπτίζω (baptizō, 907); [impf. ἐβάπτιζον]; fut. βαπτίσω; 1 aor. ἐβάπτισα; Pass., [pres. βαπτίζομαι]; impf. ἐβαπτιζόμην; pf. ptcp. βεβαπτισμένος; 1 aor. ἐβαπτίσθην; 1 fut. βαπτισθήσομαι; 1 aor. mid. ἐβαπτισάμην; (frequent. [?] fr. βάπτω, like βαλλίζω fr. βάλλω); here and there in Plat., Polyb., Diod., Strab., Joseph., Plut., al.
I.
1. prop. to dip repeatedly, to immerse, submerge, (of vessels sunk, Polyb. 1, 51, 6; 8, 8, 4; of animals, Diod. 1, 36).
2. to cleanse by dipping or submerging, to wash, to make clean with water; in the mid. and the 1 aor. pass. to wash one’s self, bathe; so Mk. vii. 4 [where WH txt. ῥαντίσωνται]; Lk. xi. 38, (2 K. v. 14 ἐβαπτί

1. The English word "baptize" is not a translation but a transliteration. In other words, when the early translators were working instead of translating the word to "immerse" as is correct, they transliterated and made a word in English that sounds like the Greek word. Immerse is the correct translation. There are different words in Greek for sprinkling.
 

2. Baptism has ancient roots and since we have a great deal of material on this web site concerning immersion,  I will just supply the links.

a. Baptism in Ancient Paganism

b. Baptism in Jewish Christianity

c. The Jewish Roots of Christian Baptism

d. The Mikvah and Ancient Baptism

e. Baptism for Remission of Sins, before Christ in the Dead Sea Scrolls

f. Baptism in Modern Judaism

g. Baptism before Augustine and Total Depravity

h. A Review of Baptism in the Years of 196/197 before Augustine

i. Baptism in the Bible

3. There are also articles about the "Gift of the Holy Spirit" on this site.

1. For a short article look here (The Indwelling of the Spirit and the Empowering of the Spirit)

4. For a Review of the Holy Spirit in the Old and New Testament look (here 1  2 3 4 5) Click on any number.

5. There are some Gnostic groups that try to make the passage read "repent and be baptized 'because' sins are forgiven but that does not work. The Greek word: Eis is used over 1000 times in the New Testament and never in any case is it translated "because."

εἰς (eis 1519)
1. into
into (to the interior), to, unto.

2. to
unto (implying motion to the interior); into, towards, with a view to; implying immediate purpose.
2. εἰς τὸ (eis 1519 to) with the infinitive, to the end that, with a view to doing, being, or steering whatever the verb may mean.Reference(s)
3. unto
unto; implying purpose, to the end that; when referring to time it marks either the interval during; or the point itself as an object of the aim or purpose, up to, for (marking the immediate purpose?).
4. in
into, unto, to, implying motion to the interior, governing the Accusative. *Act 2:27,31 (with Genitive) εἰς ᾅδου (eis 1519 haidou) = unto (the habitation or power of) Hades.
5. for
into, to, unto, with a view to; hence, with respect to a certain event, in order to, for.
6. on
into (motion to the interior) to, unto.
7. toward -s
unto, to, towards.
8. against
(motion to the interior) into, to; unto; towards, sometimes implying mere reference in regard to, sometimes hostility, against.Reference(s)
9. upon
unto, into, implying motion to an object; unto, implying object, and purpose; into, union and communion with.Reference(s)
10. at
(motion to the interior) into, to, unto, with a view to (opposite of ἔμπροσθεν (emprosthen 1715)).Reference(s)
11. among, amongst
(motion to the interior), into, to, unto, with a view to.Reference(s)
12. of
into, to, unto, with a view to; with respect to a certain result, in order to for, towards.Reference(s)
13. concerning
into, to, unto, with a view to, marking the direction of thought or speech.Reference(s)
14. throughout
unto, into.Reference(s)
15. a or an
preposition, into, with a view to; also, denoting equivalence, as
16. before
(motion to the interior) into, to, unto.Reference(s)

17. by
into, implying motion to the interior; to, unto, with a view to; (opposite of ἐκ (ek 1537)).
18. as
(motion to the interior) into, to, with a view to.Reference(s)
19. one
(feminine μία (mia), neuter ἕν (hen)) one, the first cardinal numeral; emphatic, one, even one, one single.Reference(s)
20. that... might be
unto, for. (Here, εἰς σωτηρίαν (eis 1519 sōtērian) for salvation).Reference(s)
21. till
unto, when referring to time, denoting either the interval up to a certain point, during; or the point itself as the object or aim of some purpose, up to, for.Reference(s)
22. until
unto; implying purpose, to the end that; when referring to time, marking either the interval, during; or the point itself as the object of the aim or purpose, up to, for.Reference(s)
23. with
into, implying either motion to a place, or arrival at a place by motion; up to, as the object of some aim or purpose.Reference(s)
24. condemned (to be)
into, to, unto, with a view to (denoting object); in order to (denoting purpose).
25. in among
26. in at

6. There were 3000 people baptized on this occasion.


The Cause of Fellowship defined! 43-47___

Verse 42________They continually devoted themselves to the teachings and participating in the Lord's supper!

Verse 46________Is the common meal.



42They were continually devoting themselves to the apostles' teaching and to fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer.
 43Everyone kept feeling a sense of awe; and many wonders and signs were taking place through the apostles.
44And all those who had believed were together and had all things in common;
45and they began selling their property and possessions and were sharing them with all, as anyone might have need.
 46Day by day continuing with one mind in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, they were taking their meals together with gladness and sincerity of heart,
47praising God and having favor with all the people And the Lord was adding to their number day by day those who were being saved.